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=for :stopwords DOAP RDF
=head1 NAME
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_0 - Version 1.0 metadata specification for META.yml
=head1 PREFACE
This is a historical copy of the version 1.0 specification for F<META.yml>
files, copyright by Ken Williams and licensed under the same terms as Perl
itself.
Modifications from the original:
=over
=item *
Conversion from the original HTML to POD format
=item *
Include list of valid licenses from L<Module::Build> 0.17 rather than
linking to the module, with minor updates to text and links to reflect
versions at the time of publication.
=item *
Fixed some dead links to point to active resources.
=back
=head1 DESCRIPTION
This document describes version 1.0 of the F<META.yml> specification.
The META.yml file describes important properties of contributed Perl
distributions such as the ones found on L<CPAN|http://www.cpan.org>. It is
typically created by tools like L<Module::Build> and L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker>.
The fields in the F<META.yml> file are meant to be helpful to people
maintaining module collections (like CPAN), for people writing
installation tools (like L<CPAN> or L<CPANPLUS>), or just people who want to
know some stuff about a distribution before downloading it and starting to
install it.
=head1 Format
F<META.yml> files are written in the L<YAML|http://www.yaml.org/> format. The
reasons we chose YAML instead of, say, XML or Data::Dumper are discussed in
L<this thread|http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.makemaker/2002/04/msg406.html>
on the MakeMaker mailing list.
The first line of a F<META.yml> file should be a valid
L<YAML document header|http://yaml.org/spec/history/2002-10-31.html#syntax-document>
like C<"--- #YAML:1.0">
=head1 Fields
The rest of the META.yml file is one big YAML
L<mapping|http://yaml.org/spec/history/2002-10-31.html#syntax-mapping>,
whose keys are described here.
=over 4
=item name
Example: C<Module-Build>
The name of the distribution. Often created by taking the "main
module" in the distribution and changing "::" to "-". Sometimes it's
completely different, however, as in the case of the
L<libwww-perl|http://search.cpan.org/author/GAAS/libwww-perl/> distribution.
=item version
Example: C<0.16>
The version of the distribution to which the META.yml file refers.
=item license
Example: C<perl>
The license under which this distribution may be used and
redistributed.
Must be one of the following licenses:
=over 4
=item perl
The distribution may be copied and redistributed under the same terms as perl
itself (this is by far the most common licensing option for modules on CPAN).
This is a dual license, in which the user may choose between either the GPL
version 1 or the Artistic version 1 license.
=item gpl
The distribution is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public
License version 2 (L<http://opensource.org/licenses/GPL-2.0>).
=item lgpl
The distribution is distributed under the terms of the GNU Lesser General
Public License version 2 (L<http://opensource.org/licenses/LGPL-2.1>).
=item artistic
The distribution is licensed under the Artistic License version 1, as specified
by the Artistic file in the standard perl distribution
(L<http://opensource.org/licenses/Artistic-Perl-1.0>).
=item bsd
The distribution is licensed under the BSD 3-Clause License
(L<http://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause>).
=item open_source
The distribution is licensed under some other Open Source Initiative-approved
license listed at L<http://www.opensource.org/licenses/>.
=item unrestricted
The distribution is licensed under a license that is B<not> approved by
L<www.opensource.org|http://www.opensource.org/> but that allows distribution
without restrictions.
=item restrictive
The distribution may not be redistributed without special permission from the
author and/or copyright holder.
=back
=item distribution_type
Example: C<module>
What kind of stuff is contained in this distribution. Most things on
CPAN are C<module>s (which can also mean a collection of
modules), but some things are C<script>s.
=item requires
Example:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
A YAML L<mapping|http://yaml.org/spec/history/2002-10-31.html#syntax-mapping>
indicating the Perl modules this distribution requires for proper
operation. The keys are the module names, and the values are version
specifications as described in the
L<documentation for Module::Build's "requires" parameter|Module::Build::API/requires>.
I<Note: the exact nature of the fancy specifications like
C<< ">= 1.2, != 1.5, < 2.0" >> is subject to
change. Advance notice will be given here. The simple specifications
like C<"1.2"> will not change in format.>
=item recommends
Example:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
A YAML L<mapping|http://yaml.org/spec/history/2002-10-31.html#syntax-mapping>
indicating the Perl modules this distribution recommends for enhanced
operation.
=item build_requires
Example:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
A YAML L<mapping|http://yaml.org/spec/history/2002-10-31.html#syntax-mapping>
indicating the Perl modules required for building and/or testing of
this distribution. These dependencies are not required after the
module is installed.
=item conflicts
Example:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
A YAML L<mapping|http://yaml.org/spec/history/2002-10-31.html#syntax-mapping>
indicating the Perl modules that cannot be installed while this
distribution is installed. This is a pretty uncommon situation.
=item dynamic_config
Example: C<0>
A boolean flag indicating whether a F<Build.PL> or
F<Makefile.PL> (or similar) must be executed, or whether this
module can be built, tested and installed solely from consulting its
metadata file. The main reason to set this to a true value if that
your module performs some dynamic configuration (asking questions,
sensing the environment, etc.) as part of its build/install process.
Currently L<Module::Build> doesn't actually do anything with
this flag - it's probably going to be up to higher-level tools like
L<CPAN.pm|CPAN> to do something useful with it. It can potentially
bring lots of security, packaging, and convenience improvements.
=item generated_by
Example: C<Module::Build version 0.16>
Indicates the tool that was used to create this F<META.yml> file. It's
good form to include both the name of the tool and its version, but
this field is essentially opaque, at least for the moment.
=back
=head1 Related Projects
=over 4
=item DOAP
An RDF vocabulary to describe software projects. L<http://usefulinc.com/doap>.
=back
=head1 History
=over 4
=item *
B<March 14, 2003> (Pi day) - created version 1.0 of this document.
=item *
B<May 8, 2003> - added the "dynamic_config" field, which was missing from the
initial version.
=back

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=for :stopwords Ingy READMEs WTF licensure
=head1 NAME
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_1 - Version 1.1 metadata specification for META.yml
=head1 PREFACE
This is a historical copy of the version 1.1 specification for F<META.yml>
files, copyright by Ken Williams and licensed under the same terms as Perl
itself.
Modifications from the original:
=over
=item *
Conversion from the original HTML to POD format
=item *
Include list of valid licenses from L<Module::Build> 0.18 rather than
linking to the module, with minor updates to text and links to reflect
versions at the time of publication.
=item *
Fixed some dead links to point to active resources.
=back
=head1 DESCRIPTION
This document describes version 1.1 of the F<META.yml> specification.
The F<META.yml> file describes important properties of contributed Perl
distributions such as the ones found on L<CPAN|http://www.cpan.org>. It is
typically created by tools like L<Module::Build> and L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker>.
The fields in the F<META.yml> file are meant to be helpful to people
maintaining module collections (like CPAN), for people writing
installation tools (like L<CPAN> or L<CPANPLUS>), or just people who want to
know some stuff about a distribution before downloading it and starting to
install it.
=head1 Format
F<META.yml> files are written in the L<YAML|http://www.yaml.org/> format. The
reasons we chose YAML instead of, say, XML or Data::Dumper are discussed in
L<this thread|http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.makemaker/2002/04/msg406.html>
on the MakeMaker mailing list.
The first line of a F<META.yml> file should be a valid
L<YAML document header|http://yaml.org/spec/history/2002-10-31.html#syntax-document>
like C<"--- #YAML:1.0">
=head1 Fields
The rest of the META.yml file is one big YAML
L<mapping|http://yaml.org/spec/history/2002-10-31.html#syntax-mapping>,
whose keys are described here.
=over 4
=item name
Example: C<Module-Build>
The name of the distribution. Often created by taking the "main
module" in the distribution and changing "::" to "-". Sometimes it's
completely different, however, as in the case of the
L<libwww-perl|http://search.cpan.org/author/GAAS/libwww-perl/> distribution.
=item version
Example: C<0.16>
The version of the distribution to which the META.yml file refers.
This is a mandatory field.
The version is essentially an arbitrary string, but I<must> be
only ASCII characters, and I<strongly should> be of the format
integer-dot-digit-digit, i.e. C<25.57>, optionally followed by
underscore-digit-digit, i.e. C<25.57_04>.
The standard tools that deal with module distribution (PAUSE, CPAN,
etc.) form an identifier for each distribution by joining the 'name'
and 'version' attributes with a dash (C<->) character. Tools
who are prepared to deal with distributions that have no version
numbers generally omit the dash as well.
=item license
Example: C<perl>
a descriptive term for the licenses ... not authoritative, but must
be consistent with licensure statements in the READMEs, documentation, etc.
The license under which this distribution may be used and
redistributed.
Must be one of the following licenses:
=over 4
=item perl
The distribution may be copied and redistributed under the same terms as perl
itself (this is by far the most common licensing option for modules on CPAN).
This is a dual license, in which the user may choose between either the GPL
version 1 or the Artistic version 1 license.
=item gpl
The distribution is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public
License version 2 (L<http://opensource.org/licenses/GPL-2.0>).
=item lgpl
The distribution is distributed under the terms of the GNU Lesser General
Public License version 2 (L<http://opensource.org/licenses/LGPL-2.1>).
=item artistic
The distribution is licensed under the Artistic License version 1, as specified
by the Artistic file in the standard perl distribution
(L<http://opensource.org/licenses/Artistic-Perl-1.0>).
=item bsd
The distribution is licensed under the BSD 3-Clause License
(L<http://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause>).
=item open_source
The distribution is licensed under some other Open Source Initiative-approved
license listed at L<http://www.opensource.org/licenses/>.
=item unrestricted
The distribution is licensed under a license that is B<not> approved by
L<www.opensource.org|http://www.opensource.org/> but that allows distribution
without restrictions.
=item restrictive
The distribution may not be redistributed without special permission from the
author and/or copyright holder.
=back
=item license_uri
This should contain a URI where the exact terms of the license may be found.
(change "unrestricted" to "redistributable"?)
=item distribution_type
Example: C<module>
What kind of stuff is contained in this distribution. Most things on
CPAN are C<module>s (which can also mean a collection of
modules), but some things are C<script>s.
This field is basically meaningless, and tools (like Module::Build or
MakeMaker) will likely stop generating it in the future.
=item private
WTF is going on here?
index_ignore: any application that indexes the contents of
distributions (PAUSE, search.cpan.org) ought to ignore the items
(packages, files, directories, namespace hierarchies).
=item requires
Example:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
A YAML L<mapping|http://yaml.org/spec/history/2002-10-31.html#syntax-mapping>
indicating the Perl modules this distribution requires for proper
operation. The keys are the module names, and the values are version
specifications as described in the
L<documentation for Module::Build's "requires" parameter|Module::Build::API/requires>.
I<Note: the exact nature of the fancy specifications like
C<< ">= 1.2, != 1.5, < 2.0" >> is subject to
change. Advance notice will be given here. The simple specifications
like C<"1.2"> will not change in format.>
=item recommends
Example:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
A YAML L<mapping|http://yaml.org/spec/history/2002-10-31.html#syntax-mapping>
indicating the Perl modules this distribution recommends for enhanced
operation.
=item build_requires
Example:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
A YAML L<mapping|http://yaml.org/spec/history/2002-10-31.html#syntax-mapping>
indicating the Perl modules required for building and/or testing of
this distribution. These dependencies are not required after the
module is installed.
=item conflicts
Example:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
A YAML L<mapping|http://yaml.org/spec/history/2002-10-31.html#syntax-mapping>
indicating the Perl modules that cannot be installed while this
distribution is installed. This is a pretty uncommon situation.
- possibly separate out test-time prereqs, complications include: can
tests be meaningfully preserved for later running? are test-time
prereqs in addition to build-time, or exclusive?
- make official location for installed *distributions*, which can
contain tests, etc.
=item dynamic_config
Example: C<0>
A boolean flag indicating whether a F<Build.PL> or
F<Makefile.PL> (or similar) must be executed, or whether this
module can be built, tested and installed solely from consulting its
metadata file. The main reason to set this to a true value if that
your module performs some dynamic configuration (asking questions,
sensing the environment, etc.) as part of its build/install process.
Currently L<Module::Build> doesn't actually do anything with
this flag - it's probably going to be up to higher-level tools like
L<CPAN.pm|CPAN> to do something useful with it. It can potentially
bring lots of security, packaging, and convenience improvements.
=item generated_by
Example: C<Module::Build version 0.16>
Indicates the tool that was used to create this F<META.yml> file. It's
good form to include both the name of the tool and its version, but
this field is essentially opaque, at least for the moment.
=back
=head2 Ingy's suggestions
=over 4
=item short_description
add as field, containing abstract, maximum 80 characters, suggested minimum 40 characters
=item description
long version of abstract, should add?
=item maturity
alpha, beta, gamma, mature, stable
=item author_id, owner_id
=item categorization, keyword, chapter_id
=item URL for further information
could default to search.cpan.org on PAUSE
=item namespaces
can be specified for single elements by prepending
dotted-form, i.e. "com.example.my_application.my_property". Default
namespace for META.yml is probably "org.cpan.meta_author" or
something. Precedent for this is Apple's Carbon namespaces, I think.
=back
=head1 History
=over 4
=item *
B<March 14, 2003> (Pi day) - created version 1.0 of this document.
=item *
B<May 8, 2003> - added the "dynamic_config" field, which was missing from the
initial version.
=back

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=for :stopwords MailingList RWS subcontext
=head1 NAME
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_2 - Version 1.2 metadata specification for META.yml
=head1 PREFACE
This is a historical copy of the version 1.2 specification for F<META.yml>
files, copyright by Ken Williams and licensed under the same terms as Perl
itself.
Modifications from the original:
=over
=item *
Various spelling corrections
=item *
Include list of valid licenses from L<Module::Build> 0.2611 rather than
linking to the module, with minor updates to text and links to reflect
versions at the time of publication.
=item *
Fixed some dead links to point to active resources.
=back
=head1 SYNOPSIS
--- #YAML:1.0
name: Module-Build
abstract: Build and install Perl modules
version: 0.20
author:
- Ken Williams <kwilliams@cpan.org>
license: perl
distribution_type: module
requires:
Config: 0
Cwd: 0
Data::Dumper: 0
ExtUtils::Install: 0
File::Basename: 0
File::Compare: 0
File::Copy: 0
File::Find: 0
File::Path: 0
File::Spec: 0
IO::File: 0
perl: 5.005_03
recommends:
Archive::Tar: 1.00
ExtUtils::Install: 0.3
ExtUtils::ParseXS: 2.02
Pod::Text: 0
YAML: 0.35
build_requires:
Test: 0
urls:
license: http://dev.perl.org/licenses/
meta-spec:
version: 1.2
url: http://module-build.sourceforge.net/META-spec-v1.2.html
generated_by: Module::Build version 0.20
=head1 DESCRIPTION
This document describes version 1.2 of the F<META.yml> specification.
The F<META.yml> file describes important properties of contributed
Perl distributions such as the ones found on CPAN. It is typically
created by tools like Module::Build, Module::Install, and
ExtUtils::MakeMaker.
The fields in the F<META.yml> file are meant to be helpful for people
maintaining module collections (like CPAN), for people writing
installation tools (like CPAN.pm or CPANPLUS), or just for people who
want to know some stuff about a distribution before downloading it and
starting to install it.
I<Note: The latest stable version of this specification can always be
found at L<http://module-build.sourceforge.net/META-spec-current.html>,
and the latest development version (which may include things that
won't make it into the stable version can always be found at
L<http://module-build.sourceforge.net/META-spec-blead.html>.>
=head1 FORMAT
F<META.yml> files are written in the YAML format (see
L<http://www.yaml.org/>).
See the following links to learn why we chose YAML instead of, say,
XML or Data::Dumper:
=over 4
=item *
L<Module::Build design plans|http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.makemaker/2002/04/msg407.html>
=item *
L<Not keen on YAML|http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.module-authors/2003/11/msg1353.html>
=item *
L<META Concerns|http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.module-authors/2003/11/msg1385.html>
=back
=head1 TERMINOLOGY
=over 4
=item distribution
This is the primary object described by the F<META.yml>
specification. In the context of this document it usually refers to a
collection of modules, scripts, and/or documents that are distributed
for other developers to use.
=item module
This refers to a reusable library of code typically contained in a
single file. Currently, we primarily talk of perl modules, but this
specification should be open enough to apply to other languages as
well (ex. python, ruby).
=back
=head1 VERSION SPECIFICATIONS
Some fields require a version specification (ex. L</requires>,
L</recommends>, L</build_requires>, etc.). This section details the
version specifications that are currently supported.
If a single version is listed, then that version is considered to be
the minimum version supported.
If 0 is given as the version number, then any version is supported.
Additionally, for more complicated requirements, the specification
supports a list of versions, each of which may be optionally preceded
by a relational operator.
Supported operators include E<lt> (less than), E<lt>= (less than or
equal), E<gt> (greater than), E<gt>= (greater than or equal), == (equal), and !=
(not equal).
If a list is given then it is evaluated from left to right so that any
specifications in the list that conflict with a previous specification
are overridden by the later.
Examples:
>= 1.2, != 1.5, < 2.0
Any version from version 1.2 onward, except version 1.5, that also
precedes version 2.0.
=head1 HEADER
The first line of a F<META.yml> file should be a valid YAML document
header like C<"--- #YAML:1.0">.
=head1 FIELDS
The rest of the F<META.yml> file is one big YAML mapping whose keys
are described here.
=head2 meta-spec
Example:
meta-spec:
version: 1.2
url: http://module-build.sourceforge.net/META-spec-v1.2.html
(Spec 1.1) [required] {URL} This field indicates the location of the
version of the META.yml specification used.
=head2 name
Example:
name: Module-Build
(Spec 1.0) [required] {string} The name of the distribution which is often
created by taking the "main module" in the distribution and changing
"::" to "-". Sometimes it's completely different, however, as in the
case of the libwww-perl distribution (see
L<http://search.cpan.org/author/GAAS/libwww-perl/>).
=head2 version
Example:
version: 0.20
(Spec 1.0) [required] {version} The version of the distribution to which the
F<META.yml> file refers.
=head2 abstract
Example:
abstract: Build and install Perl modules.
(Spec 1.1) [required] {string} A short description of the purpose of the
distribution.
=head2 author
Example:
author:
- Ken Williams <kwilliams@cpan.org>
(Spec 1.1) [required] {list of strings} A YAML sequence indicating the author(s) of the
distribution. The preferred form is author-name <email-address>.
=head2 license
Example:
license: perl
(Spec 1.0) [required] {string} The license under which this distribution may be
used and redistributed.
Must be one of the following licenses:
=over 4
=item perl
The distribution may be copied and redistributed under the same terms as perl
itself (this is by far the most common licensing option for modules on CPAN).
This is a dual license, in which the user may choose between either the GPL
version 1 or the Artistic version 1 license.
=item gpl
The distribution is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public
License version 2 (L<http://opensource.org/licenses/GPL-2.0>).
=item lgpl
The distribution is distributed under the terms of the GNU Lesser General
Public License version 2 (L<http://opensource.org/licenses/LGPL-2.1>).
=item artistic
The distribution is licensed under the Artistic License version 1, as specified
by the Artistic file in the standard perl distribution
(L<http://opensource.org/licenses/Artistic-Perl-1.0>).
=item bsd
The distribution is licensed under the BSD 3-Clause License
(L<http://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause>).
=item open_source
The distribution is licensed under some other Open Source Initiative-approved
license listed at L<http://www.opensource.org/licenses/>.
=item unrestricted
The distribution is licensed under a license that is B<not> approved by
L<www.opensource.org|http://www.opensource.org/> but that allows distribution
without restrictions.
=item restrictive
The distribution may not be redistributed without special permission from the
author and/or copyright holder.
=back
=head2 distribution_type
Example:
distribution_type: module
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {string} What kind of stuff is contained in this
distribution. Most things on CPAN are C<module>s (which can also mean
a collection of modules), but some things are C<script>s.
Unfortunately this field is basically meaningless, since many
distributions are hybrids of several kinds of things, or some new
thing, or subjectively different in focus depending on who's using
them. Tools like Module::Build and MakeMaker will likely stop
generating this field.
=head2 requires
Example:
requires:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping indicating the Perl modules this
distribution requires for proper operation. The keys are the module
names, and the values are version specifications as described in
L<Module::Build> for the "requires" parameter.
=head2 recommends
Example:
recommends:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping indicating the Perl modules this
distribution recommends for enhanced operation.
I<ALTERNATIVE: It may be desirable to present to the user which
features depend on which modules so they can make an informed
decision about which recommended modules to install.>
Example:
optional_features:
- foo:
description: Provides the ability to blah.
requires:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
- bar:
description: This feature is not available on this platform.
excludes_os: MSWin32
I<(Spec 1.1) [optional] {map} A YAML sequence of names for optional features
which are made available when its requirements are met. For each
feature a description is provided along with any of L</requires>,
L</build_requires>, L</conflicts>, C<requires_packages>,
C<requires_os>, and C<excludes_os> which have the same meaning in
this subcontext as described elsewhere in this document.>
=head2 build_requires
Example:
build_requires:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping indicating the Perl modules
required for building and/or testing of this distribution. These
dependencies are not required after the module is installed.
=head2 conflicts
Example:
conflicts:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping indicating the Perl modules that
cannot be installed while this distribution is installed. This is a
pretty uncommon situation.
=head2 dynamic_config
Example:
dynamic_config: 0
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {boolean} A boolean flag indicating whether a F<Build.PL>
or F<Makefile.PL> (or similar) must be executed when building this
distribution, or whether it can be built, tested and installed solely
from consulting its
metadata file. The main reason to set this to a true value if that
your module performs some dynamic configuration (asking questions,
sensing the environment, etc.) as part of its build/install process.
Currently Module::Build doesn't actually do anything with this flag
- it's probably going to be up to higher-level tools like CPAN
to do something useful with it. It can potentially bring lots of
security, packaging, and convenience improvements.
If this field is omitted, it defaults to 1 (true).
=head2 private
I<(Deprecated)> (Spec 1.0) [optional] {map} This field has been renamed to
L</no_index>. See below.
=head2 provides
Example:
provides:
Foo::Bar:
file: lib/Foo/Bar.pm
version: 0.27_02
Foo::Bar::Blah:
file: lib/Foo/Bar/Blah.pm
Foo::Bar::Baz:
file: lib/Foo/Bar/Baz.pm
version: 0.3
(Spec 1.1) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping that describes all packages
provided by this distribution. This information can be (and, in some
cases, is) used by distribution and automation mechanisms like PAUSE,
CPAN, and search.cpan.org to build indexes saying in which
distribution various packages can be found.
When using tools like L<Module::Build> that can generate the
C<provides> mapping for your distribution automatically, make sure you
examine what it generates to make sure it makes sense - indexers will
usually trust the C<provides> field if it's present, rather than
scanning through the distribution files themselves to figure out
packages and versions. This is a good thing, because it means you can
use the C<provides> field to tell the indexers precisely what you want
indexed about your distribution, rather than relying on them to
essentially guess what you want indexed.
=head2 no_index
Example:
no_index:
file:
- My/Module.pm
dir:
- My/Private
package:
- My::Module::Stuff
namespace:
- My::Module::Stuff
(Spec 1.1) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping that describes any files,
directories, packages, and namespaces that are private
(i.e. implementation artifacts) that are not of interest to searching
and indexing tools. This is useful when no C<provides> field is
present.
I<(Note: I'm not actually sure who looks at this field, or exactly
what they do with it. This spec could be off in some way from actual
usage.)>
=head3 file
(Spec 1.1) [optional] Exclude any listed file(s).
=head3 dir
(Spec 1.1) [optional] Exclude anything below the listed
directory(ies).
=head3 package
(Spec 1.1) [optional] Exclude the listed package(s).
=head3 namespace
(Spec 1.1) [optional] Excludes anything below the listed namespace(s),
but I<not> the listed namespace(s) its self.
=head2 keywords
Example:
keywords:
- make
- build
- install
(Spec 1.1) [optional] {list} A sequence of keywords/phrases that describe
this distribution.
=head2 resources
Example:
resources:
license: http://dev.perl.org/licenses/
homepage: http://sourceforge.net/projects/module-build
bugtracker: http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/Bugs.html?Dist=Module-Build
MailingList: http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/module-build-general
(Spec 1.1) [optional] {map} A mapping of any URL resources related to
this distribution. All-lower-case keys, such as C<homepage>,
C<license>, and C<bugtracker>, are reserved by this specification, as
they have "official" meanings defined here in this specification. If
you'd like to add your own "special" entries (like the "MailingList"
entry above), use at least one upper-case letter.
The current set of official keys is:
=over 2
=item homepage
The official home of this project on the web.
=item license
An URL for an official statement of this distribution's license.
=item bugtracker
An URL for a bug tracker (e.g. Bugzilla or RT queue) for this project.
=back
=head2 generated_by
Example:
generated_by: Module::Build version 0.20
(Spec 1.0) [required] {string} Indicates the tool that was used to create this
F<META.yml> file. It's good form to include both the name of the tool
and its version, but this field is essentially opaque, at least for
the moment. If F<META.yml> was generated by hand, it is suggested that
the author be specified here.
[Note: My F<meta_stats.pl> script which I use to gather statistics
regarding F<META.yml> usage prefers the form listed above, i.e. it
splits on /\s+version\s+/ taking the first field as the name of the
tool that generated the file and the second field as version of that
tool. RWS]
=head1 SEE ALSO
L<CPAN|http://www.cpan.org/>
L<CPAN.pm|CPAN>
L<CPANPLUS>
L<Data::Dumper>
L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker>
L<Module::Build>
L<Module::Install>
L<XML|http://www.w3.org/XML/>
L<YAML|http://www.yaml.org/>
=head1 HISTORY
=over 4
=item March 14, 2003 (Pi day)
=over 2
=item *
Created version 1.0 of this document.
=back
=item May 8, 2003
=over 2
=item *
Added the L</dynamic_config> field, which was missing from the initial
version.
=back
=item November 13, 2003
=over 2
=item *
Added more YAML rationale articles.
=item *
Fixed existing link to YAML discussion thread to point to new
L<http://nntp.x.perl.org/group/> site.
=item *
Added and deprecated the L</private> field.
=item *
Added L</abstract>, C<configure>, C<requires_packages>,
C<requires_os>, C<excludes_os>, and L</no_index> fields.
=item *
Bumped version.
=back
=item November 16, 2003
=over 2
=item *
Added C<generation>, C<authored_by> fields.
=item *
Add alternative proposal to the L</recommends> field.
=item *
Add proposal for a C<requires_build_tools> field.
=back
=item December 9, 2003
=over 2
=item *
Added link to latest version of this specification on CPAN.
=item *
Added section L</"VERSION SPECIFICATIONS">.
=item *
Chang name from Module::Build::META-spec to CPAN::META::Specification.
=item *
Add proposal for C<auto_regenerate> field.
=back
=item December 15, 2003
=over 2
=item *
Add C<index> field as a compliment to L</no_index>
=item *
Add L</keywords> field as a means to aid searching distributions.
=item *
Add L</TERMINOLOGY> section to explain certain terms that may be
ambiguous.
=back
=item July 26, 2005
=over 2
=item *
Removed a bunch of items (generation, requires_build_tools,
requires_packages, configure, requires_os, excludes_os,
auto_regenerate) that have never actually been supported, but were
more like records of brainstorming.
=item *
Changed C<authored_by> to L</author>, since that's always been what
it's actually called in actual F<META.yml> files.
=item *
Added the "==" operator to the list of supported version-checking
operators.
=item *
Noted that the L</distribution_type> field is basically meaningless,
and shouldn't really be used.
=item *
Clarified L</dynamic_config> a bit.
=back
=item August 23, 2005
=over 2
=item *
Removed the name C<CPAN::META::Specification>, since that implies a
module that doesn't actually exist.
=back
=back

741
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@@ -0,0 +1,741 @@
=for :stopwords MailingList PODs RWS subcontext
=head1 NAME
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_3 - Version 1.3 metadata specification for META.yml
=head1 PREFACE
This is a historical copy of the version 1.3 specification for F<META.yml>
files, copyright by Ken Williams and licensed under the same terms as Perl
itself.
Modifications from the original:
=over
=item *
Various spelling corrections
=item *
Include list of valid licenses from L<Module::Build> 0.2805 rather than
linking to the module, with minor updates to text and links to reflect
versions at the time of publication.
=item *
Fixed some dead links to point to active resources.
=back
=head1 SYNOPSIS
--- #YAML:1.0
name: Module-Build
abstract: Build and install Perl modules
version: 0.20
author:
- Ken Williams <kwilliams@cpan.org>
license: perl
distribution_type: module
requires:
Config: 0
Cwd: 0
Data::Dumper: 0
ExtUtils::Install: 0
File::Basename: 0
File::Compare: 0
File::Copy: 0
File::Find: 0
File::Path: 0
File::Spec: 0
IO::File: 0
perl: 5.005_03
recommends:
Archive::Tar: 1.00
ExtUtils::Install: 0.3
ExtUtils::ParseXS: 2.02
Pod::Text: 0
YAML: 0.35
build_requires:
Test: 0
urls:
license: http://dev.perl.org/licenses/
meta-spec:
version: 1.3
url: http://module-build.sourceforge.net/META-spec-v1.3.html
generated_by: Module::Build version 0.20
=head1 DESCRIPTION
This document describes version 1.3 of the F<META.yml> specification.
The F<META.yml> file describes important properties of contributed
Perl distributions such as the ones found on CPAN. It is typically
created by tools like Module::Build, Module::Install, and
ExtUtils::MakeMaker.
The fields in the F<META.yml> file are meant to be helpful for people
maintaining module collections (like CPAN), for people writing
installation tools (like CPAN.pm or CPANPLUS), or just for people who
want to know some stuff about a distribution before downloading it and
starting to install it.
I<Note: The latest stable version of this specification can always be
found at L<http://module-build.sourceforge.net/META-spec-current.html>,
and the latest development version (which may include things that
won't make it into the stable version) can always be found at
L<http://module-build.sourceforge.net/META-spec-blead.html>.>
=head1 FORMAT
F<META.yml> files are written in the YAML format (see
L<http://www.yaml.org/>).
See the following links to learn why we chose YAML instead of, say,
XML or Data::Dumper:
=over 4
=item *
L<Module::Build design plans|http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.makemaker/2002/04/msg407.html>
=item *
L<Not keen on YAML|http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.module-authors/2003/11/msg1353.html>
=item *
L<META Concerns|http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.module-authors/2003/11/msg1385.html>
=back
=head1 TERMINOLOGY
=over 4
=item distribution
This is the primary object described by the F<META.yml>
specification. In the context of this document it usually refers to a
collection of modules, scripts, and/or documents that are distributed
together for other developers to use. Examples of distributions are
C<Class-Container>, C<libwww-perl>, or C<DBI>.
=item module
This refers to a reusable library of code typically contained in a
single file. Currently, we primarily talk of perl modules, but this
specification should be open enough to apply to other languages as
well (ex. python, ruby). Examples of modules are C<Class::Container>,
C<LWP::Simple>, or C<DBD::File>.
=back
=head1 HEADER
The first line of a F<META.yml> file should be a valid YAML document
header like C<"--- #YAML:1.0">.
=head1 FIELDS
The rest of the F<META.yml> file is one big YAML mapping whose keys
are described here.
=head2 meta-spec
Example:
meta-spec:
version: 1.3
url: http://module-build.sourceforge.net/META-spec-v1.3.html
(Spec 1.1) [required] {URL} This field indicates the location of the
version of the META.yml specification used.
=head2 name
Example:
name: Module-Build
(Spec 1.0) [required] {string} The name of the distribution which is often
created by taking the "main module" in the distribution and changing
"::" to "-". Sometimes it's completely different, however, as in the
case of the libwww-perl distribution (see
L<http://search.cpan.org/dist/libwww-perl/>).
=head2 version
Example:
version: 0.20
(Spec 1.0) [required] {version} The version of the distribution to which the
F<META.yml> file refers.
=head2 abstract
Example:
abstract: Build and install Perl modules.
(Spec 1.1) [required] {string} A short description of the purpose of the
distribution.
=head2 author
Example:
author:
- Ken Williams <kwilliams@cpan.org>
(Spec 1.1) [required] {list of strings} A YAML sequence indicating the author(s) of the
distribution. The preferred form is author-name <email-address>.
=head2 license
Example:
license: perl
(Spec 1.0) [required] {string} The license under which this distribution may be
used and redistributed.
Must be one of the following licenses:
=over 4
=item apache
The distribution is licensed under the Apache Software License version 1.1
(L<http://opensource.org/licenses/Apache-1.1>).
=item artistic
The distribution is licensed under the Artistic License version 1, as specified
by the Artistic file in the standard perl distribution
(L<http://opensource.org/licenses/Artistic-Perl-1.0>).
=item bsd
The distribution is licensed under the BSD 3-Clause License
(L<http://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause>).
=item gpl
The distribution is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public
License version 2 (L<http://opensource.org/licenses/GPL-2.0>).
=item lgpl
The distribution is distributed under the terms of the GNU Lesser General
Public License version 2 (L<http://opensource.org/licenses/LGPL-2.1>).
=item mit
The distribution is licensed under the MIT License
(L<http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>).
=item mozilla
The distribution is licensed under the Mozilla Public License.
(L<http://opensource.org/licenses/MPL-1.0> or
L<http://opensource.org/licenses/MPL-1.1>)
=item open_source
The distribution is licensed under some other Open Source Initiative-approved
license listed at L<http://www.opensource.org/licenses/>.
=item perl
The distribution may be copied and redistributed under the same terms as perl
itself (this is by far the most common licensing option for modules on CPAN).
This is a dual license, in which the user may choose between either the GPL
version 1 or the Artistic version 1 license.
=item restrictive
The distribution may not be redistributed without special permission from the
author and/or copyright holder.
=item unrestricted
The distribution is licensed under a license that is not approved by
L<www.opensource.org|http://www.opensource.org/> but that allows distribution
without restrictions.
=back
=head2 distribution_type
Example:
distribution_type: module
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {string} What kind of stuff is contained in this
distribution. Most things on CPAN are C<module>s (which can also mean
a collection of modules), but some things are C<script>s.
Unfortunately this field is basically meaningless, since many
distributions are hybrids of several kinds of things, or some new
thing, or subjectively different in focus depending on who's using
them. Tools like Module::Build and MakeMaker will likely stop
generating this field.
=head2 requires
Example:
requires:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping indicating the Perl modules this
distribution requires for proper operation. The keys are the module
names, and the values are version specifications as described in
L</"VERSION SPECIFICATIONS">.
=head2 recommends
Example:
recommends:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping indicating the Perl modules
this distribution recommends for enhanced operation. The keys are the
module names, and the values are version specifications as described
in L</"VERSION SPECIFICATIONS">.
I<ALTERNATIVE: It may be desirable to present to the user which
features depend on which modules so they can make an informed decision
about which recommended modules to install.>
Example:
optional_features:
- foo:
description: Provides the ability to blah.
requires:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
- bar:
description: This feature is not available on this platform.
excludes_os: MSWin32
I<(Spec 1.1) [optional] {map} A YAML sequence of names for optional features
which are made available when its requirements are met. For each
feature a description is provided along with any of L</requires>,
L</build_requires>, L</conflicts>, C<requires_packages>,
C<requires_os>, and C<excludes_os> which have the same meaning in
this subcontext as described elsewhere in this document.>
=head2 build_requires
Example:
build_requires:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping indicating the Perl modules
required for building and/or testing of this distribution. The keys
are the module names, and the values are version specifications as
described in L</"VERSION SPECIFICATIONS">. These dependencies are not
required after the module is installed.
=head2 conflicts
Example:
conflicts:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping indicating the Perl modules that
cannot be installed while this distribution is installed. This is a
pretty uncommon situation. The keys for C<conflicts> are the module
names, and the values are version specifications as described in
L</"VERSION SPECIFICATIONS">.
=head2 dynamic_config
Example:
dynamic_config: 0
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {boolean} A boolean flag indicating whether a F<Build.PL>
or F<Makefile.PL> (or similar) must be executed when building this
distribution, or whether it can be built, tested and installed solely
from consulting its
metadata file. The main reason to set this to a true value is that
your module performs some dynamic configuration (asking questions,
sensing the environment, etc.) as part of its build/install process.
Currently Module::Build doesn't actually do anything with this flag
- it's probably going to be up to higher-level tools like CPAN
to do something useful with it. It can potentially bring lots of
security, packaging, and convenience improvements.
If this field is omitted, it defaults to 1 (true).
=head2 private
I<(Deprecated)> (Spec 1.0) [optional] {map} This field has been renamed to
L</no_index>. See below.
=head2 provides
Example:
provides:
Foo::Bar:
file: lib/Foo/Bar.pm
version: 0.27_02
Foo::Bar::Blah:
file: lib/Foo/Bar/Blah.pm
Foo::Bar::Baz:
file: lib/Foo/Bar/Baz.pm
version: 0.3
(Spec 1.1) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping that describes all packages
provided by this distribution. This information can be (and, in some
cases, is) used by distribution and automation mechanisms like PAUSE,
CPAN, and search.cpan.org to build indexes saying in which
distribution various packages can be found.
When using tools like L<Module::Build> that can generate the
C<provides> mapping for your distribution automatically, make sure you
examine what it generates to make sure it makes sense - indexers will
usually trust the C<provides> field if it's present, rather than
scanning through the distribution files themselves to figure out
packages and versions. This is a good thing, because it means you can
use the C<provides> field to tell the indexers precisely what you want
indexed about your distribution, rather than relying on them to
essentially guess what you want indexed.
=head2 no_index
Example:
no_index:
file:
- My/Module.pm
directory:
- My/Private
package:
- My::Module::Stuff
namespace:
- My::Module::Stuff
(Spec 1.1) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping that describes any files,
directories, packages, and namespaces that are private
(i.e. implementation artifacts) that are not of interest to searching
and indexing tools. This is useful when no C<provides> field is
present.
For example, L<http://search.cpan.org/> excludes items listed in C<no_index>
when searching for POD, meaning files in these directories will not
converted to HTML and made public - which is useful if you have
example or test PODs that you don't want the search engine to go
through.
=head3 file
(Spec 1.1) [optional] Exclude any listed file(s).
=head3 directory
(Spec 1.1) [optional] Exclude anything below the listed
directory(ies).
[Note: previous editions of the spec had C<dir> instead of
C<directory>, but I think MakeMaker and various users started using
C<directory>, so in deference we switched to that.]
=head3 package
(Spec 1.1) [optional] Exclude the listed package(s).
=head3 namespace
(Spec 1.1) [optional] Excludes anything below the listed namespace(s),
but I<not> the listed namespace(s) its self.
=head2 keywords
Example:
keywords:
- make
- build
- install
(Spec 1.1) [optional] {list} A sequence of keywords/phrases that describe
this distribution.
=head2 resources
Example:
resources:
license: http://dev.perl.org/licenses/
homepage: http://sourceforge.net/projects/module-build
bugtracker: http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/Bugs.html?Dist=Module-Build
repository: http://sourceforge.net/cvs/?group_id=45731
MailingList: http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/module-build-general
(Spec 1.1) [optional] {map} A mapping of any URL resources related to
this distribution. All-lower-case keys, such as C<homepage>,
C<license>, and C<bugtracker>, are reserved by this specification, as
they have "official" meanings defined here in this specification. If
you'd like to add your own "special" entries (like the "MailingList"
entry above), use at least one upper-case letter.
The current set of official keys is:
=over 2
=item homepage
The official home of this project on the web.
=item license
An URL for an official statement of this distribution's license.
=item bugtracker
An URL for a bug tracker (e.g. Bugzilla or RT queue) for this project.
=back
=head2 generated_by
Example:
generated_by: Module::Build version 0.20
(Spec 1.0) [required] {string} Indicates the tool that was used to create this
F<META.yml> file. It's good form to include both the name of the tool
and its version, but this field is essentially opaque, at least for
the moment. If F<META.yml> was generated by hand, it is suggested that
the author be specified here.
[Note: My F<meta_stats.pl> script which I use to gather statistics
regarding F<META.yml> usage prefers the form listed above, i.e. it
splits on /\s+version\s+/ taking the first field as the name of the
tool that generated the file and the second field as version of that
tool. RWS]
=head1 VERSION SPECIFICATIONS
Some fields require a version specification (ex. L</requires>,
L</recommends>, L</build_requires>, etc.) to indicate the particular
versionZ<>(s) of some other module that may be required as a
prerequisite. This section details the version specification formats
that are currently supported.
The simplest format for a version specification is just the version
number itself, e.g. C<2.4>. This means that B<at least> version 2.4
must be present. To indicate that B<any> version of a prerequisite is
okay, even if the prerequisite doesn't define a version at all, use
the version C<0>.
You may also use the operators E<lt> (less than), E<lt>= (less than or
equal), E<gt> (greater than), E<gt>= (greater than or equal), ==
(equal), and != (not equal). For example, the specification C<E<lt>
2.0> means that any version of the prerequisite less than 2.0 is
suitable.
For more complicated situations, version specifications may be AND-ed
together using commas. The specification C<E<gt>= 1.2, != 1.5, E<lt>
2.0> indicates a version that must be B<at least> 1.2, B<less than>
2.0, and B<not equal to> 1.5.
=head1 SEE ALSO
L<CPAN|http://www.cpan.org/>
L<CPAN.pm|CPAN>
L<CPANPLUS>
L<Data::Dumper>
L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker>
L<Module::Build>
L<Module::Install>
L<XML|http://www.w3.org/XML/>
L<YAML|http://www.yaml.org/>
=head1 HISTORY
=over 4
=item March 14, 2003 (Pi day)
=over 2
=item *
Created version 1.0 of this document.
=back
=item May 8, 2003
=over 2
=item *
Added the L</dynamic_config> field, which was missing from the initial
version.
=back
=item November 13, 2003
=over 2
=item *
Added more YAML rationale articles.
=item *
Fixed existing link to YAML discussion thread to point to new
L<http://nntp.x.perl.org/group/> site.
=item *
Added and deprecated the L</private> field.
=item *
Added L</abstract>, C<configure>, C<requires_packages>,
C<requires_os>, C<excludes_os>, and L</no_index> fields.
=item *
Bumped version.
=back
=item November 16, 2003
=over 2
=item *
Added C<generation>, C<authored_by> fields.
=item *
Add alternative proposal to the L</recommends> field.
=item *
Add proposal for a C<requires_build_tools> field.
=back
=item December 9, 2003
=over 2
=item *
Added link to latest version of this specification on CPAN.
=item *
Added section L</"VERSION SPECIFICATIONS">.
=item *
Chang name from Module::Build::META-spec to CPAN::META::Specification.
=item *
Add proposal for C<auto_regenerate> field.
=back
=item December 15, 2003
=over 2
=item *
Add C<index> field as a compliment to L</no_index>
=item *
Add L</keywords> field as a means to aid searching distributions.
=item *
Add L</TERMINOLOGY> section to explain certain terms that may be
ambiguous.
=back
=item July 26, 2005
=over 2
=item *
Removed a bunch of items (generation, requires_build_tools,
requires_packages, configure, requires_os, excludes_os,
auto_regenerate) that have never actually been supported, but were
more like records of brainstorming.
=item *
Changed C<authored_by> to L</author>, since that's always been what
it's actually called in actual F<META.yml> files.
=item *
Added the "==" operator to the list of supported version-checking
operators.
=item *
Noted that the L</distribution_type> field is basically meaningless,
and shouldn't really be used.
=item *
Clarified L</dynamic_config> a bit.
=back
=item August 23, 2005
=over 2
=item *
Removed the name C<CPAN::META::Specification>, since that implies a
module that doesn't actually exist.
=back
=back

765
database/perl/lib/CPAN/Meta/History/Meta_1_4.pod Normal file
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=for :stopwords MailingList PODs RWS subcontext
=head1 NAME
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_4 - Version 1.4 metadata specification for META.yml
=head1 PREFACE
This is a historical copy of the version 1.4 specification for F<META.yml>
files, copyright by Ken Williams and licensed under the same terms as Perl
itself.
Modifications from the original:
=over
=item *
Various spelling corrections
=item *
Include list of valid licenses from L<Module::Build> 0.2807 rather than
linking to the module, with minor updates to text and links to reflect
versions at the time of publication.
=item *
Fixed some dead links to point to active resources.
=back
=head1 SYNOPSIS
--- #YAML:1.0
name: Module-Build
abstract: Build and install Perl modules
version: 0.20
author:
- Ken Williams <kwilliams@cpan.org>
license: perl
distribution_type: module
requires:
Config: 0
Cwd: 0
Data::Dumper: 0
ExtUtils::Install: 0
File::Basename: 0
File::Compare: 0
File::Copy: 0
File::Find: 0
File::Path: 0
File::Spec: 0
IO::File: 0
perl: 5.005_03
recommends:
Archive::Tar: 1.00
ExtUtils::Install: 0.3
ExtUtils::ParseXS: 2.02
Pod::Text: 0
YAML: 0.35
build_requires:
Test: 0
resources:
license: http://dev.perl.org/licenses/
meta-spec:
version: 1.4
url: http://module-build.sourceforge.net/META-spec-v1.3.html
generated_by: Module::Build version 0.20
=head1 DESCRIPTION
This document describes version 1.4 of the F<META.yml> specification.
The F<META.yml> file describes important properties of contributed
Perl distributions such as the ones found on CPAN. It is typically
created by tools like Module::Build, Module::Install, and
ExtUtils::MakeMaker.
The fields in the F<META.yml> file are meant to be helpful for people
maintaining module collections (like CPAN), for people writing
installation tools (like CPAN.pm or CPANPLUS), or just for people who
want to know some stuff about a distribution before downloading it and
starting to install it.
I<Note: The latest stable version of this specification can always be
found at L<http://module-build.sourceforge.net/META-spec-current.html>,
and the latest development version (which may include things that
won't make it into the stable version) can always be found at
L<http://module-build.sourceforge.net/META-spec-blead.html>.>
=head1 FORMAT
F<META.yml> files are written in the YAML format (see
L<http://www.yaml.org/>).
See the following links to learn why we chose YAML instead of, say,
XML or Data::Dumper:
=over 4
=item *
L<Module::Build design plans|http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.makemaker/2002/04/msg407.html>
=item *
L<Not keen on YAML|http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.module-authors/2003/11/msg1353.html>
=item *
L<META Concerns|http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.module-authors/2003/11/msg1385.html>
=back
=head1 TERMINOLOGY
=over 4
=item distribution
This is the primary object described by the F<META.yml>
specification. In the context of this document it usually refers to a
collection of modules, scripts, and/or documents that are distributed
together for other developers to use. Examples of distributions are
C<Class-Container>, C<libwww-perl>, or C<DBI>.
=item module
This refers to a reusable library of code typically contained in a
single file. Currently, we primarily talk of perl modules, but this
specification should be open enough to apply to other languages as
well (ex. python, ruby). Examples of modules are C<Class::Container>,
C<LWP::Simple>, or C<DBD::File>.
=back
=head1 HEADER
The first line of a F<META.yml> file should be a valid YAML document
header like C<"--- #YAML:1.0">.
=head1 FIELDS
The rest of the F<META.yml> file is one big YAML mapping whose keys
are described here.
=head2 meta-spec
Example:
meta-spec:
version: 1.4
url: http://module-build.sourceforge.net/META-spec-v1.3.html
(Spec 1.1) [required] {URL} This field indicates the location of the
version of the META.yml specification used.
=head2 name
Example:
name: Module-Build
(Spec 1.0) [required] {string} The name of the distribution which is often
created by taking the "main module" in the distribution and changing
"::" to "-". Sometimes it's completely different, however, as in the
case of the libwww-perl distribution (see
L<http://search.cpan.org/dist/libwww-perl/>).
=head2 version
Example:
version: 0.20
(Spec 1.0) [required] {version} The version of the distribution to which the
F<META.yml> file refers.
=head2 abstract
Example:
abstract: Build and install Perl modules.
(Spec 1.1) [required] {string} A short description of the purpose of the
distribution.
=head2 author
Example:
author:
- Ken Williams <kwilliams@cpan.org>
(Spec 1.1) [required] {list of strings} A YAML sequence indicating the author(s) of the
distribution. The preferred form is author-name <email-address>.
=head2 license
Example:
license: perl
(Spec 1.0) [required] {string} The license under which this
distribution may be used and redistributed.
Must be one of the following licenses:
=over 4
=item apache
The distribution is licensed under the Apache Software License version 1.1
(L<http://opensource.org/licenses/Apache-1.1>).
=item artistic
The distribution is licensed under the Artistic License version 1, as specified
by the Artistic file in the standard perl distribution
(L<http://opensource.org/licenses/Artistic-Perl-1.0>).
=item bsd
The distribution is licensed under the BSD 3-Clause License
(L<http://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause>).
=item gpl
The distribution is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public
License version 2 (L<http://opensource.org/licenses/GPL-2.0>).
=item lgpl
The distribution is distributed under the terms of the GNU Lesser General
Public License version 2 (L<http://opensource.org/licenses/LGPL-2.1>).
=item mit
The distribution is licensed under the MIT License
(L<http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>).
=item mozilla
The distribution is licensed under the Mozilla Public License.
(L<http://opensource.org/licenses/MPL-1.0> or
L<http://opensource.org/licenses/MPL-1.1>)
=item open_source
The distribution is licensed under some other Open Source Initiative-approved
license listed at L<http://www.opensource.org/licenses/>.
=item perl
The distribution may be copied and redistributed under the same terms as perl
itself (this is by far the most common licensing option for modules on CPAN).
This is a dual license, in which the user may choose between either the GPL or
the Artistic license.
=item restrictive
The distribution may not be redistributed without special permission from the
author and/or copyright holder.
=item unrestricted
The distribution is licensed under a license that is not approved by
L<www.opensource.org|http://www.opensource.org/> but that allows distribution
without restrictions.
=back
=head2 distribution_type
Example:
distribution_type: module
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {string} What kind of stuff is contained in this
distribution. Most things on CPAN are C<module>s (which can also mean
a collection of modules), but some things are C<script>s.
Unfortunately this field is basically meaningless, since many
distributions are hybrids of several kinds of things, or some new
thing, or subjectively different in focus depending on who's using
them. Tools like Module::Build and MakeMaker will likely stop
generating this field.
=head2 requires
Example:
requires:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping indicating the Perl
prerequisites this distribution requires for proper operation. The
keys are the names of the prerequisites (module names or 'perl'), and
the values are version specifications as described in L<VERSION
SPECIFICATIONS>.
=head2 recommends
Example:
recommends:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping indicating the Perl
prerequisites this distribution recommends for enhanced operation.
The keys are the names of the prerequisites (module names or 'perl'),
and the values are version specifications as described in L<VERSION
SPECIFICATIONS>.
I<ALTERNATIVE: It may be desirable to present to the user which
features depend on which modules so they can make an informed decision
about which recommended modules to install.>
Example:
optional_features:
foo:
description: Provides the ability to blah.
requires:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
I<(Spec 1.1) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping of names for optional features
which are made available when its requirements are met. For each
feature a description is provided along with any of L</requires>,
L</build_requires>, and L</conflicts>, which have the same meaning in
this subcontext as described elsewhere in this document.>
=head2 build_requires
Example:
build_requires:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping indicating the Perl
prerequisites required for building and/or testing of this
distribution. The keys are the names of the prerequisites (module
names or 'perl'), and the values are version specifications as
described in L</"VERSION SPECIFICATIONS">. These dependencies are not
required after the distribution is installed.
=head2 configure_requires
Example:
configure_requires:
Module::Build: 0.2809
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
(Spec 1.4) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping indicating the Perl prerequisites
required before configuring this distribution. The keys are the
names of the prerequisites (module names or 'perl'), and the values are version
specifications as described in L</"VERSION SPECIFICATIONS">. These
dependencies are not required after the distribution is installed.
=head2 conflicts
Example:
conflicts:
Data::Dumper: 0
File::Find: 1.03
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping indicating any items that
cannot be installed while this distribution is installed. This is a
pretty uncommon situation. The keys for C<conflicts> are the item
names (module names or 'perl'), and the values are version
specifications as described in L</"VERSION SPECIFICATIONS">.
=head2 dynamic_config
Example:
dynamic_config: 0
(Spec 1.0) [optional] {boolean} A boolean flag indicating whether a F<Build.PL>
or F<Makefile.PL> (or similar) must be executed when building this
distribution, or whether it can be built, tested and installed solely
from consulting its
metadata file. The main reason to set this to a true value is that
your module performs some dynamic configuration (asking questions,
sensing the environment, etc.) as part of its build/install process.
Currently Module::Build doesn't actually do anything with this flag
- it's probably going to be up to higher-level tools like CPAN
to do something useful with it. It can potentially bring lots of
security, packaging, and convenience improvements.
If this field is omitted, it defaults to 1 (true).
=head2 private
I<(Deprecated)> (Spec 1.0) [optional] {map} This field has been renamed to
L</no_index>. See below.
=head2 provides
Example:
provides:
Foo::Bar:
file: lib/Foo/Bar.pm
version: 0.27_02
Foo::Bar::Blah:
file: lib/Foo/Bar/Blah.pm
Foo::Bar::Baz:
file: lib/Foo/Bar/Baz.pm
version: 0.3
(Spec 1.1) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping that describes all packages
provided by this distribution. This information can be (and, in some
cases, is) used by distribution and automation mechanisms like PAUSE,
CPAN, and search.cpan.org to build indexes saying in which
distribution various packages can be found.
When using tools like L<Module::Build> that can generate the
C<provides> mapping for your distribution automatically, make sure you
examine what it generates to make sure it makes sense - indexers will
usually trust the C<provides> field if it's present, rather than
scanning through the distribution files themselves to figure out
packages and versions. This is a good thing, because it means you can
use the C<provides> field to tell the indexers precisely what you want
indexed about your distribution, rather than relying on them to
essentially guess what you want indexed.
=head2 no_index
Example:
no_index:
file:
- My/Module.pm
directory:
- My/Private
package:
- My::Module::Stuff
namespace:
- My::Module::Stuff
(Spec 1.1) [optional] {map} A YAML mapping that describes any files,
directories, packages, and namespaces that are private
(i.e. implementation artifacts) that are not of interest to searching
and indexing tools. This is useful when no C<provides> field is
present.
For example, L<http://search.cpan.org/> excludes items listed in C<no_index>
when searching for POD, meaning files in these directories will not
converted to HTML and made public - which is useful if you have
example or test PODs that you don't want the search engine to go
through.
=head3 file
(Spec 1.1) [optional] Exclude any listed file(s).
=head3 directory
(Spec 1.1) [optional] Exclude anything below the listed
directory(ies).
[Note: previous editions of the spec had C<dir> instead of
C<directory>, but I think MakeMaker and various users started using
C<directory>, so in deference we switched to that.]
=head3 package
(Spec 1.1) [optional] Exclude the listed package(s).
=head3 namespace
(Spec 1.1) [optional] Excludes anything below the listed namespace(s),
but I<not> the listed namespace(s) its self.
=head2 keywords
Example:
keywords:
- make
- build
- install
(Spec 1.1) [optional] {list} A sequence of keywords/phrases that describe
this distribution.
=head2 resources
Example:
resources:
license: http://dev.perl.org/licenses/
homepage: http://sourceforge.net/projects/module-build
bugtracker: http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/Bugs.html?Dist=Module-Build
repository: http://sourceforge.net/cvs/?group_id=45731
MailingList: http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/module-build-general
(Spec 1.1) [optional] {map} A mapping of any URL resources related to
this distribution. All-lower-case keys, such as C<homepage>,
C<license>, and C<bugtracker>, are reserved by this specification, as
they have "official" meanings defined here in this specification. If
you'd like to add your own "special" entries (like the "MailingList"
entry above), use at least one upper-case letter.
The current set of official keys is:
=over 2
=item homepage
The official home of this project on the web.
=item license
An URL for an official statement of this distribution's license.
=item bugtracker
An URL for a bug tracker (e.g. Bugzilla or RT queue) for this project.
=back
=head2 generated_by
Example:
generated_by: Module::Build version 0.20
(Spec 1.0) [required] {string} Indicates the tool that was used to create this
F<META.yml> file. It's good form to include both the name of the tool
and its version, but this field is essentially opaque, at least for
the moment. If F<META.yml> was generated by hand, it is suggested that
the author be specified here.
[Note: My F<meta_stats.pl> script which I use to gather statistics
regarding F<META.yml> usage prefers the form listed above, i.e. it
splits on /\s+version\s+/ taking the first field as the name of the
tool that generated the file and the second field as version of that
tool. RWS]
=head1 VERSION SPECIFICATIONS
Some fields require a version specification (ex. L</requires>,
L</recommends>, L</build_requires>, etc.) to indicate the particular
versionZ<>(s) of some other module that may be required as a
prerequisite. This section details the version specification formats
that are currently supported.
The simplest format for a version specification is just the version
number itself, e.g. C<2.4>. This means that B<at least> version 2.4
must be present. To indicate that B<any> version of a prerequisite is
okay, even if the prerequisite doesn't define a version at all, use
the version C<0>.
You may also use the operators E<lt> (less than), E<lt>= (less than or
equal), E<gt> (greater than), E<gt>= (greater than or equal), ==
(equal), and != (not equal). For example, the specification C<E<lt>
2.0> means that any version of the prerequisite less than 2.0 is
suitable.
For more complicated situations, version specifications may be AND-ed
together using commas. The specification C<E<gt>= 1.2, != 1.5, E<lt>
2.0> indicates a version that must be B<at least> 1.2, B<less than>
2.0, and B<not equal to> 1.5.
=head1 SEE ALSO
L<CPAN|http://www.cpan.org/>
L<CPAN.pm|CPAN>
L<CPANPLUS>
L<Data::Dumper>
L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker>
L<Module::Build>
L<Module::Install>
L<XML|http://www.w3.org/XML/>
L<YAML|http://www.yaml.org/>
=head1 HISTORY
=over 4
=item March 14, 2003 (Pi day)
=over 2
=item *
Created version 1.0 of this document.
=back
=item May 8, 2003
=over 2
=item *
Added the L</dynamic_config> field, which was missing from the initial
version.
=back
=item November 13, 2003
=over 2
=item *
Added more YAML rationale articles.
=item *
Fixed existing link to YAML discussion thread to point to new
L<http://nntp.x.perl.org/group/> site.
=item *
Added and deprecated the L</private> field.
=item *
Added L</abstract>, C<configure>, C<requires_packages>,
C<requires_os>, C<excludes_os>, and L</no_index> fields.
=item *
Bumped version.
=back
=item November 16, 2003
=over 2
=item *
Added C<generation>, C<authored_by> fields.
=item *
Add alternative proposal to the L</recommends> field.
=item *
Add proposal for a C<requires_build_tools> field.
=back
=item December 9, 2003
=over 2
=item *
Added link to latest version of this specification on CPAN.
=item *
Added section L</"VERSION SPECIFICATIONS">.
=item *
Chang name from Module::Build::META-spec to CPAN::META::Specification.
=item *
Add proposal for C<auto_regenerate> field.
=back
=item December 15, 2003
=over 2
=item *
Add C<index> field as a compliment to L</no_index>
=item *
Add L</keywords> field as a means to aid searching distributions.
=item *
Add L</TERMINOLOGY> section to explain certain terms that may be
ambiguous.
=back
=item July 26, 2005
=over 2
=item *
Removed a bunch of items (generation, requires_build_tools,
requires_packages, configure, requires_os, excludes_os,
auto_regenerate) that have never actually been supported, but were
more like records of brainstorming.
=item *
Changed C<authored_by> to L</author>, since that's always been what
it's actually called in actual F<META.yml> files.
=item *
Added the "==" operator to the list of supported version-checking
operators.
=item *
Noted that the L</distribution_type> field is basically meaningless,
and shouldn't really be used.
=item *
Clarified L</dynamic_config> a bit.
=back
=item August 23, 2005
=over 2
=item *
Removed the name C<CPAN::META::Specification>, since that implies a
module that doesn't actually exist.
=back
=item June 12, 2007
=over 2
=item *
Added L</configure_requires>.
=back
=back